Equine Infectious Anaemia
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چکیده
Equine infectious anaemia (EIA) is a persistent viral infection of equids. The causative agent, EIA virus (EIAV) is a lentivirus in the family Retroviridae, subfamily Orthoretrovirinae. Other members of the genus Lentivirus include: bovine immunodeficiency virus; caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; feline immunodeficiency virus; human immunodeficiency virus 1; human immunodeficiency virus 2; and maedi/visna virus. EIA can be diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, pathological lesions, serology and molecular methods. Infected horses remain viraemic carriers for life and, with very rare exceptions, yield a positive serological test result. Antibody response usually persists and antibody-positive animals, older than 6–8 months, are identified as virus carriers (below 6–8 months of age, serological reactions can be due to maternal antibodies; status can be confirmed by molecular techniques). Infected equids are potential virus reservoirs. Biting flies are mechanical vectors for the virus in nature.
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Freedom from equine infectious anaemia virus infection in Spanish Purebred horses
INTRODUCTION No cases of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) have been reported in Spain since 1983. Factors that could increase the risk of reintroducing equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) into Spain include the recent occurrence of the disease in Europe and the absence of compulsory serological testing before importation into Spain. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Given the importance of the Spanish Pu...
متن کاملEquine infectious anaemia in Europe: Time to re-examine the efficacy of monitoring and control protocols?
Equine infectious anaemia (EIA) is a disease with an almost worldwide distribution and is of considerable importance to the equine industry, primarily because it is one of only 11 notifiable equine specific diseases listed by the World Organisation For Animal Health (OIE). Equine infectious anaemia is caused by EIAV (equine infectious anaemia virus), a blood-borne retrovirus belonging to the le...
متن کاملAn investigation of equine infectious anaemia infection in the central Anatolia region of Turkey.
In this study, 162 horses, 80 donkeys and 51 mule serum samples were collected in Konya city. Additionally, 64 horse serum samples from Ankara and 49 samples from Kayseri city were included in the study. A total of 406 serum samples were examined by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibody to equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) and no positiv...
متن کاملExpression of functional protease and subviral particles by vaccinia virus containing equine infectious anaemia virus gag and 5' pol genes.
Cells infected with vaccinia viruses expressing the equine infectious anaemia virus (EIAV) gag gene (VGag) or gag plus the 5' pol encoding protease (VGag/PR) were evaluated with monoclonal antibody to a p26 capsid protein linear epitope (QEISKFLTD). Both recombinant viruses expressed Gag precursor protein (55K) whereas only VGag/PR expressed a detectable Gag-Pol fusion protein (82K) with a func...
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